Preaching of Mahavira and Codification of Absolute Non-Violence (*Ahimsa*)
540 BCE
The 24th Tirthankara reformulates Jainism, establishing absolute *Ahimsa* as the supreme ethical duty.
Sources and References
Acharanga Sutra & Kalpa Sutra (Canons jains Ardhamagadhi)
Semantic cluster
Ancient India clusterIndus, Veda, Mahajanapadas, Maurya, Gupta: urbanism, philosophies and empires.
Cluster internal links
- Previous (cluster)
Enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautama and Founding of Buddhism
563 BCE
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Enlightenment of Gautama Buddha
528 BCE
- Same cluster
Emergence of the 16 Mahajanapadas (Great Kingdoms and Republics)
600 BCE
- Same cluster
Battle of the Hydaspes between Alexander the Great and King Porus
326 BCE
- Same cluster
Founding of the Mauryan Empire by Chandragupta and Chanakya
322 BCE
- Same cluster
Composition of Early Upanishads and Metaphysics of Karma and Brahman
800 BCE
- Semantic bridge
Birth and Philosophy of Confucius (Kong Fuzi)
551 BCE
- Semantic bridge
Birth and Philosophy of Confucius (Kong Fuzi)
551 BCE
- Semantic bridge
Founding of Athenian Democracy by Cleisthenes' Reforms
508 BCE