San Bartolo Wall Murals
100 BCE
Discovery of the oldest wall murals revealing the mythology of sacred Maize and Maya kingship.
Historical Context
In the Late Preclassic, Maya shaman-king enthronement rituals developed around cosmic mythologies and the deification of maize, the staple food of Mesoamerican civilizations.
The Event
Around 100 BCE, the Las Pinturas pyramid at San Bartolo was adorned with spectacular wall murals depicting world creation, the sacred Maize God, and divine royal legitimization.
Key Figures
William Saturno (discoverer in 2001), David Stuart (epigrapher), Karl Taube (iconographer).
Aftermath
These murals revealed a complex Maya mythology and fully developed hieroglyphic script long before the Classic period, reshaping the history of Mesoamerican art.
Legacy & Culture
San Bartolo provides the missing link connecting ancient mythological cosmogony to the sacred book of the Popol Vuh compiled during colonial times.
Historiography
William Saturno's 2001 discovery of the San Bartolo murals is widely regarded as one of the most significant archaeological breakthroughs in modern Mesoamerican studies.
Sources and References
William Saturno, David Stuart, Karl Taube, The Murals of San Bartolo (Peabody Museum)
Consulter l'archive officielle ↗Fouilles archéologiques de San Bartolo, El Petén, Guatemala
Semantic cluster
Maya civilization clusterPreclassic to Postclassic: Tikal, Calakmul, Palenque, calendar and collapses.
Cluster internal links
- Previous (cluster)
Peak of El Mirador and La Danta Pyramid
300 BCE
- Next (cluster)
First Long Count Dated Stela (Chiapa de Corzo)
36 BCE
- Same cluster
Foundation of the Tikal Dynasty
Primordial times
- Same cluster
Tikal Stela 29 (Start of Classic Maya Period)
292
- Same cluster
The Arrival of Strangers at Tikal (Siyaj K'ak')
378
- Same cluster
Star War: Fall of Tikal to Calakmul
562
- Semantic bridge
Universal Standardization of Script, Currency, Weights, and Measures
220 BCE
- Semantic bridge
Official Invention of Paper-Making Process by Cai Lun
105
- Semantic bridge
First Official Paper Money (Jiaozi)
1024