7 · N
Nitrogen
Isolated as a residual air by Rutherford in 1772. Chaptal proposes the name nitrogen in 1790.
Identity
- Atomic number
- 7
- Symbol
- N
- Canonical name
- Nitrogen
- Category
- nonmetal
- Group
- 15
- Period
- 2
- Block
- p
- Other names
- azote
Properties
These quantities come from the Periodic Table JSON compilation. They have not yet been checked, one by one, against CIAAW atomic weights or NIST measurements. A value marked estimated is not a measurement.
- Atomic mass
- 14.007 u
- Electron configuration
- [He] 2s2 2p3
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 5
- Standard state
- gas
- Density
- 1.251 g/L
- Melting point
- 63.15 K
- Boiling point
- 77.355 K
- Electronegativity
- 3.04 Pauling
- First ionization energy
- 1,402.3 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- -6.8 kJ/mol
History
Phlogisticated air
Identification · confirmed · 1772
Rutherford isolates a residual air in which a candle does not burn. The names azote and nitrogen come later.
The name nitrogen
Naming · confirmed · 1790
Chaptal proposes nitrogen. Lavoisier had spoken of azote. Both names refer to the same element.
Etymology
- Theme
- property
- Language
- grec et latin
- Root
- nitron / a-zoe
- Meaning
- niter-former; French azote means lifeless
Scientists
Places and institutions
- Paris — historical setting : France — present country : France
See also
Sources
- IUPAC, Periodic Table of the Elements
- Bowserinator, Periodic Table JSON. Compilation secondaire d’où viennent les grandeurs physiques importées (masse, densité, températures, énergies). Elles ne sont pas revérifiées une à une auprès du NIST ou de la CIAAW.
- John Emsley, Nature’s Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements