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83 · Bi

Bismuth

Used by metallurgists with no single year. Distinguished from lead by Geoffroy in 1753.

Identity

Atomic number
83
Symbol
Bi
Canonical name
Bismuth
Category
post-transition metal
Group
15
Period
6
Block
p

Properties

These quantities come from the Periodic Table JSON compilation. They have not yet been checked, one by one, against CIAAW atomic weights or NIST measurements. A value marked estimated is not a measurement.

Atomic mass
208.980401 u
Electron configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Standard state
solid
Density
9.78 g/cm³
Melting point
544.7 K
Boiling point
1,837 K
Electronegativity
2.02 Pauling
First ionization energy
703 kJ/mol
Electron affinity
90.924 kJ/mol

History

Middle Ages

Bismuth was distinguished by miners and metallurgists before its eighteenth-century chemical identification. The date is not a single year.

A metal distinct from lead

Identification · confirmed · 1753

Geoffroy shows that bismuth is not a variety of lead. Earlier metallurgical use has no single year.

See the element timeline

Etymology

Theme
other
Language
allemand
Root
Wismut
Meaning
uncertain etymology, linked to German Wismut

Scientists

Places and institutions

  • Paris — historical setting : France — present country : France

See also

Sources