22 · Ti
Titanium
Observed by Gregor in 1791, named by Klaproth in 1795, isolated as a ductile metal by Hunter in 1910.
Identity
- Atomic number
- 22
- Symbol
- Ti
- Canonical name
- Titanium
- Category
- transition metal
- Group
- 4
- Period
- 4
- Block
- d
Properties
These quantities come from the Periodic Table JSON compilation. They have not yet been checked, one by one, against CIAAW atomic weights or NIST measurements. A value marked estimated is not a measurement.
- Atomic mass
- 47.8671 u
- Electron configuration
- [Ar] 3d2 4s2
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 10, 2
- Standard state
- solid
- Density
- 4.506 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 1,941 K
- Boiling point
- 3,560 K
- Electronegativity
- 1.54 Pauling
- First ionization energy
- 658.8 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 7.289 kJ/mol
History
Black sand from Menachan
Observation · confirmed · 1791
Gregor recognizes a new earth in a Cornish sand. He does not isolate the pure metal.
The name titanium
Naming · confirmed · 1795
Klaproth finds the earth again in rutile and names it.
Ductile metal
Isolation · confirmed · 1910
Hunter prepares titanium metal pure enough to be ductile. The 1791 observation was not this isolation.
Etymology
- Theme
- mythology
- Language
- grec
- Root
- Titanes
- Meaning
- the Titans
Scientists
Places and institutions
- Berlin — historical setting : Prussia, then Germany — present country : Germany
See also
Sources
- IUPAC, Periodic Table of the Elements
- Bowserinator, Periodic Table JSON. Compilation secondaire d’où viennent les grandeurs physiques importées (masse, densité, températures, énergies). Elles ne sont pas revérifiées une à une auprès du NIST ou de la CIAAW.
- John Emsley, Nature’s Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements