3 · Li
Lithium
Identified by Arfwedson in 1817 and isolated by Davy in 1818.
Identity
- Atomic number
- 3
- Symbol
- Li
- Canonical name
- Lithium
- Category
- alkali metal
- Group
- 1
- Period
- 2
- Block
- s
Properties
These quantities come from the Periodic Table JSON compilation. They have not yet been checked, one by one, against CIAAW atomic weights or NIST measurements. A value marked estimated is not a measurement.
- Atomic mass
- 6.94 u
- Electron configuration
- [He] 2s1
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 1
- Standard state
- solid
- Density
- 0.534 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 453.65 K
- Boiling point
- 1,603 K
- Electronegativity
- 0.98 Pauling
- First ionization energy
- 520.2 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 59.6326 kJ/mol
History
Identification in petalite
Identification · confirmed · 1817
Arfwedson recognizes a new alkali in petalite, in Berzelius’s laboratory.
Electrolytic isolation
Isolation · confirmed · 1818
Davy obtains the metal by electrolysis. The 1817 identification and this isolation remain two moments.
Etymology
- Theme
- mineral
- Language
- grec
- Root
- lithos
- Meaning
- stone
Scientists
Places and institutions
- Stockholm — historical setting : Sweden — present country : Sweden
- London — historical setting : United Kingdom — present country : United Kingdom
See also
Sources
- IUPAC, Periodic Table of the Elements
- Bowserinator, Periodic Table JSON. Compilation secondaire d’où viennent les grandeurs physiques importées (masse, densité, températures, énergies). Elles ne sont pas revérifiées une à une auprès du NIST ou de la CIAAW.
- John Emsley, Nature’s Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements