9 · F
Fluorine
The acid is studied by Scheele in 1771. Moissan isolates fluorine in 1886.
Identity
- Atomic number
- 9
- Symbol
- F
- Canonical name
- Fluorine
- Category
- halogen
- Group
- 17
- Period
- 2
- Block
- p
Properties
These quantities come from the Periodic Table JSON compilation. They have not yet been checked, one by one, against CIAAW atomic weights or NIST measurements. A value marked estimated is not a measurement.
- Atomic mass
- 18.998403 u
- Electron configuration
- [He] 2s2 2p5
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 7
- Standard state
- gas
- Density
- 1.696 g/L
- Melting point
- 53.48 K
- Boiling point
- 85.03 K
- Electronegativity
- 3.98 Pauling
- First ionization energy
- 1,681 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 328.1649 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
This summary is not an inventory of every isotope.
- F-19 · 100 % · stable
History
Hydrofluoric acid
Observation · confirmed · 1771
Scheele characterizes the acid obtained from fluorite. He does not isolate fluorine.
Isolation by electrolysis
Isolation · confirmed · 1886
Moissan isolates fluorine by electrolysis of potassium hydrogen fluoride.
Etymology
- Theme
- property
- Language
- latin
- Root
- fluere
- Meaning
- to flow
Scientists
Places and institutions
- Paris — historical setting : France — present country : France
See also
Sources
- IUPAC, Periodic Table of the Elements
- Bowserinator, Periodic Table JSON. Compilation secondaire d’où viennent les grandeurs physiques importées (masse, densité, températures, énergies). Elles ne sont pas revérifiées une à une auprès du NIST ou de la CIAAW.
- John Emsley, Nature’s Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements